1.29.2009
coba
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11.23.2008
AIDS
This disease results from infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which infects and destroys a type of white blood cell involved in the body’s immune response to invading germs. By destroying or impairing immune system cells, the virus progressively destroys the body’s ability to fight infections and certain cancers.
A disease of the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that has been a major cause of illness and death among children and teens worldwide today.
Most new HIV cases in younger people are transmitted through unprotected sex; one-third of these cases are from sharing dirty, blood-contaminated needles.
In adolescents, HIV is most commonly spread by sexual contact with an infected partner. The virus enters the body through the lining of the vagina, vulva, penis, rectum, or mouth during sexual activity. HIV is also spread by sharing needles, syringes,or drug use equipment with someone who is infected with the virus.
An HIV-infected child is usually diagnosed with AIDS when the immune system becomes severely damaged and other types of infections occur. As the immune system deteriorates, symptoms may include
• fatigue and lack of energy
• fevers and sweats
• enlarged lymph nodes for more than three months
• short-term memory loss
• pelvic inflammatory disease that does not respond to treatment
• persistent skin rashes or flaky skin
• persistent or frequent oral/vaginal yeast infections
• weight loss
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11.14.2008
Treatment of Acne Skin Disease (part 2)
There are excellent types of therapy for all kinds of acne, including topical treatment, antibiotics, and hormonal manipulation. Most teenagers benefit from a combination of peeling the skin, destroying bacteria, and applying products that affect whiteheads and blackheads. Treatments should begin with soap and water cleansing every night, with a good diet, and regular exercise.
For milder cases, medications containing benzoyl peroxide (5 percent) or those containing sulfur or a combination of sulfur and resorcinol or salicylic acid are effective.Since oil buildup attracts bacteria, and the bacteria’s fatty acids irritate the skin, one of the best ways to fight acne is to kill the bacteria. Those products that are effective in treating acne actually cut down the oil production of the glands slightly and destroy bacteria in the follicle.
The most popular antibiotics in the treatment of acne are tetracycline, minocycline, and erythromycin. For milder cases, antibiotics can be used directly on the skin. For more advanced cases, they are taken orally.
Retin-A, a drug related to vitamin A, is an effective treatment for whiteheads and blackheads. It is often combined with benzoyl peroxide or antibiotics. Those with the most severe types of acne may be given a stronger vitamin-A-related drug called Accutane (isotretinoin).
This drug has more serious side effects, including birth defects, and requires strict medical supervision. It’s possible that some cases of acne can be controlled by regulating the androgen/estrogen hormone balance in those girls who have an increased activity of the enzyme that converts testosterone (a male hormone) into a more potent form that affects the oil glands. Since androgen has been implicated in the increased secretion of oil that starts a blemish, androgen blockers that reduce the size of oil glands may help girls whose acne is associated
with other changes, such as excessive hair growth or balding. These drugs could be in the form of high-estrogen birth control pills.
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Label: Acne, Skin Desease
11.08.2008
Beware with Acne (part 1)
Acne is the most common skin disease in the world, this very common inflammatory reaction in oil-producing follicles usually appears on the face, shoulders, and back. While most common during the teenage years, it may also affect newborns. Because it can lead to permanent scarring
on the face, acne can have profound and longlasting psychological effects.
In boys, acne usually begins in early adolescence,tends to be more severe than in girls, and improves in the early to mid-twenties. In girls,acne usually begins in the mid-teens and is often less severe. In some individuals, the problem can continue into adulthood.
night.
Acne is not caused by diet (chocolate or fats), dirt,or surface oil. Normally, oil is produced in glands in the skin, traveling up to the hair follicles and flowing out onto the surface of the skin. When oil
glands within the hair follicles are stimulated and begin to enlarge, usually as a result of hormonal changes at puberty, they begin to produce more oil.
Acne bacteria inside the follicles multiply and produce fatty acids, which irritate the lining of the pores. At the same time, the number of thicker cells in the lining of the pores increases and they clump together, narrowing and clogging the pore openings with oil, skin
cells, and debris.
As the pressure builds within these clogged pores, the constant production of oil together with irritation from bacteria ruptures the pore walls. When the oil pathway gets blocked and the plug pushes up to the surface, it causes a blackhead (comedo). When the opening is very tightly closed, the material behind it causes a whitehead.
While there are many factors behind the inflammatory changes seen in acne, one of the most important is the different levels of bacteria found on the skin. While acne is not a bacterial infection, experts believe that inflammation results from the by-products released by the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes found deep in the follicle.
Emotional stress, cosmetics, genetics, and certain drugs (such as birth control pills) may worsen the condition. Estrogen, however, will improve
acne.
Acne is hereditary, and the tendency to develop it runs in families. If both parents have acne, then three out of four of their children will also have acne. Oil in cosmetics also can contribute to acne,which is why makeup should be washed off each
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Label: Skin Disease Acne
10.29.2008
Amoxicillin
Another name of amoxicillin ia amoxil, moxilin and mymox. Amoxicillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic that is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria.
Amoxicillin is used to treat infections of the ear, nose and throat, genitourinary tract, skin, and lower respiratory tract. It is also used to treat gonorrhea, although it is not considered to be the standard treatment.
As with other penicillins, some children may be allergic to this medication. Hypersensitivity reactions are more likely to occur in children who have previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to penicillins and in those with a history of allergy, asthma, hay fever, or hives. Nausea and vomiting also are common side effects.
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Label: Antibiotic
10.26.2008
Ampicillin
Ampicilin is a penicillin-type semisynthetic antibiotic. Another name of ampicillin is amcill, omnipen, polycillin and principen. Ampicilin used to treat conditions caused by a broad spectrum of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms in the urinary, respiratory, and intestinal tracts.
Some of these conditions include cystitis, bronchitis, gonorrhea, ear infections and eye infections. It is inactivated by penicillinase and therefore cannot be used against bacteria that produce this enzyme.
Side effects for use ampicilin may cause nausea and vomiting, fever, or diarrhea. Allergic reactions may include symptoms of rash, diarrhea, and fever (its rarery) ; swelling of the mouth and tongue; itching; or breathing problems.
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Label: Antibiotic
10.21.2008
Vomiting
Mild vomiting in children likewise is not serious, but severe vomiting can strain the stomach and esophagus and may cause internal bleeding. Continual vomiting also can lead to dehydration, shock, or metabolic problems; if the vomited material is inhaled into the lungs it can cause PNEUMONIA. Intentional vomiting in teenagers (BULIMIA) can lead to tooth problems and electrolyte disturbances that can affect the heart’s function, and it can be fatal.
Vomiting is a very common symptom in a range of infections, such as INFLUENZA, pneumonia, URINARY TRACT INFECTION, and MENINGITIS. It also may be caused by central nervous system disorders, accidents, ulcers, or food poisoning. Persistent vomiting without any apparent physical cause may be linked to excess stress or an emotional problem. It may be triggered by certain smells, sights, or sounds. Many medications also cause vomiting, including many antibiotics.
One of the biggest concerns with vomiting in children is the risk of dehydration, especially when it is accompanied by fever. For this reason, a child who is vomiting needs to restore the fluid levels in the body. Parents should give a vomiting child very small amounts of clear liquids (about half an ounce an hour). Small, frequent liquids are better than one big glass. Frozen or very cold liquids are often tolerated better than room-temperature fluids. Parents may offer ice chips, Popsicles, tea, gelatin, chicken broth or chicken noodle soup, or flat ginger ale or cola. As the vomiting subsides, children may gradually be given solid foods. While vomiting, they should not be given fatty or fried foods. Vomiting children should not be given antinausea medication, which may cause severe side effects.
Related Article :
Pneumonia
An infection of the lungs caused by a variety of germs including bacteria, viruses, and parasites
Bulimia
eat large amounts of food and then get rid of the excess calories by vomiting
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Label: Vomiting